• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for producing an aerodynamic element, in particular for an aircraft, comprising an external face and a plurality of ribs and / or parallel grooves formed on said outer face, the method consisting in simultaneously producing said element and its ribs and / or its grooves by the use of a mold (22), characterized in that the method comprises - a step of supplying a film (28) of a deformable material, which comprises ribs and / or grooves complementary to the ribs and / or grooves of said element, - a step of positioning the film (28) on a wall (26) of the mold (22), - a step of molding the element, - a separation step of the mold member (22), simultaneously with said film (28), and - a step of separating the film (28) from the element. The invention also relates to a mold (22) for implementing the method.
    公开号:FR3043353A1
    申请号:FR1560621
    申请日:2015-11-05
    公开日:2017-05-12
    发明作者:Nicolas Pierre Lanfant；Emilie Goncalves
    申请人:Safran SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD AND MOLD FOR PRODUCING AERODYNAMIC ELEMENT
    COMPRISING RI BLETS
    DESCRIPTION
    TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a method for producing an aerodynamic element, such as for example a panel for an aircraft wing or a turbomachine blade, which comprises a succession of ribs and grooves oriented parallel to the air flow. . The invention more particularly proposes a method for making the ribs / grooves in one piece with the rest of the aerodynamic element.
    STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
    In order to improve the aerodynamic performance of an aircraft, it has been proposed to add ribs and / or grooves on the outer face of the wings for example.
    These ribs / grooves, commonly called "Riblets" are oriented parallel to the direction of flow of the air flow and are arranged on the outer surface of the wing.
    The riblets commonly have, but not limited to, a height and a width whose value is of the order of 10 to 50 micrometers and extend longitudinally over a major part of the aerodynamic element.
    They have the effect of reducing the friction of the fluid on the surface of the aerodynamic element and consequently of reducing the induced drag. This improves the aerodynamic performance.
    According to a first embodiment, the riblets are formed on a film which is subsequently affixed to the outer face of the aerodynamic element, in particular by gluing.
    Such an embodiment makes it easy to manufacture the riblets on a flexible plate that is relatively easy to affix on the aerodynamic element.
    However, this embodiment involves many steps in the manufacturing process and also increases the final mass of the aerodynamic element, in particular because of the presence of fastening means such as layers of glue.
    Another embodiment of the riblets is to form them in the mass of the aerodynamic element.
    Indeed, the aerodynamic element is generally made by molding, in particular composite material, the riblets can be formed during this molding operation.
    US-A-2013/0062004 describes an example of a method of molding the element with the riblets in one piece.
    According to this method, a wall of the mold comprises ribs and / or grooves complementary to those forming the riblets. The resin coming into contact with this wall then comprises raised shapes constituting the riblets.
    To promote demolding, a product, commonly called "gelcoat" is applied to all sides of the mold, including the face comprising the ribs and / or complementary grooves of the riblets to obtain.
    This layer of product is generally not uniform, which can affect the final shape of the riblets.
    Also, the aerodynamic element may have a non-planar shape, which implies that its movement relative to the mold, for its release, is not always locally normal to the surface comprising the riblets.
    Thus, during the demolding process, shear forces result on the riblets, which can result in the peaks of the ribs forming the riblets are damaged and therefore the effectiveness of the riblets is affected.
    Also, the demolding operation involves significant efforts to separate the aerodynamic element from the mold, in particular because of frictional forces between the aerodynamic element and the mold. The invention aims to provide a method of producing an aerodynamic element comprising riblets made in one piece with the element, and which ensures that the riblets are not damaged during demolding.
    DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention proposes a method for producing an aerodynamic element, in particular for an aircraft, comprising an outer face and a plurality of parallel ribs and / or grooves formed on said outer face, the method consisting in simultaneously making said element and its ribs and / or grooves by the use of a mold, characterized in that the method comprises a step of providing a film of a deformable material, which comprises ribs and / or grooves complementary to the ribs and / or grooves of said element, a step of positioning the film on a wall of the mold, a step of molding the element, a step of separating the element from the mold, simultaneously with said film, and a step of separating the film from the element. The use of a detachable mold film protects the ribs and grooves forming the riblets during demolding of the element to be produced and peeling thereof after demolding is a method to avoid damaging the riblets. The use of a film also facilitates demolding since the surface of the mold is smooth and is in contact with another smooth face of the film. The friction is very low compared to the prior art for which the rough face of the mold is interleaved with the rough face complementary to the aerodynamic element.
    Preferably, the step of separating the film from the element comprises removing the film from the element by peeling.
    Preferably, the peeling is carried out parallel to the main orientation of the ribs / grooves.
    Preferably, the peeling is carried out perpendicularly to the main orientation of the ribs / grooves. The invention also proposes a mold for implementing a method according to the invention, for obtaining an element comprising an external face and a plurality of ribs and / or parallel grooves formed on said outer face, characterized in that one of the walls of the mold associated with the outer face of the element is covered by a film having an outer face intended to form said outer face of the element, said outer face of the film having a series of complementary grooves and ribs ribs / grooves of the element.
    Preferably, the mold comprises means for bonding the film with said wall of the mold which allow the film to be held in position during a molding step of the element and which allow separation of the film from the mold when removing the element from the mold.
    Preferably, the film extends beyond the edges of said mold wall.
    Preferably, peripheral portions of the film are clamped between at least two elements constituting the mold for holding the film in position on the wall of the mold.
    Preferably, the film is made from polyurethane, thermoplastic (PEEK, PEKK, PET or polyamide), silicone, epoxy, metal foil or paint.
    Preferably, the film comprises a face which is in contact with said wall of the mold and of which said face and said wall are both smooth.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a aircraft wing comprising riblets made according to the invention; Figure 2 is a detail on a larger scale of an embodiment of riblets; Fig. 3 is a section of a mold having a film for use in the method according to the invention; Figures 4A and 4B are representations of the molded element with and without the film, obtained after the demolding operation; Figure 5 is a representation of the peeling operation in a direction perpendicular to the riblets; Figure 6 is a representation of the peeling operation in a direction parallel to the riblets.
    DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
    There is shown in Figure 1 an aerodynamic element 10 which here consists of a section of an aircraft wing.
    This element 10 has an outer face 12, here the extrados face, on which an air flow 14 circulates longitudinally.
    In order to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the element 10, riblets 16 are formed on the outer face 12 of the element 10.
    As can be seen in more detail in FIG. 2, the riblets 16 consist of a succession of ribs 18 and grooves 20 which are oriented longitudinally, that is to say parallel to the flow direction of the air flow. 14 on the outer face 12.
    Here, the height "h" and the width "s" of the ribs 18 and grooves 20 are very small, that is to say of the order of 10 to 50 micrometers. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to those dimensions of the riblets which can therefore be larger or smaller.
    The section of the riblets 16 is here triangular. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to this form of riblets, which may be, by way of non-limiting example, trapezoidal or slot.
    The longitudinal length of the riblets is defined according to the length of the outer face 12 on which they are formed.
    In the description which follows, reference will be made to a resin injection molding process in a mold 22 for producing the element 10. Here again, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to such a method of embodiment of the element 10. Thus, the element 10 can also be made by any other method using a mold 22 such as for example the stamping.
    This mold 22, shown in Figure 3, defines a volume 24 which is complementary to the element 10 to obtain.
    The mold 22 has a wall 26 for the realization of the riblets 16. This wall 26 is thus located at the face 12 of the element 10 to obtain, which includes the riblets 16 to obtain.
    Preferably, this wall 26 of the mold 22 is covered by a flexible film 28 having a smooth face 30 which is intended to come into contact with the wall 26 and an outer surface 32 having ribs 36 and grooves 38 (shown in FIGS. and 6), from which the ribs 18 and the grooves 20 of the element 10 will be obtained.
    Thus, when the mold 22 is provided with the flexible film 28, it has a surface in relief corresponding to the outer face 32 of the film 28, which is intended to produce the riblets 16. The ribs 36 and the grooves 38 of the film 28 are thus complementary ribs 18 and grooves 20 of the element 10.
    According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the dimensions of the flexible film 28 are identical to those of the wall 26 of the mold 22. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to this embodiment and that the film flexible 28 can extend beyond the edges of the wall 26.
    The film 28 can then be held in position in the mold 22 during the operation of producing the element 10. For example, the mold 22 comprises several components 34 which are able to clamp peripheral parts of the film 28 which protrude from the wall 26.
    The mold 22 is further designed to allow the film 28 to easily separate the components 34 of the mold 22 after the injection operation.
    In order to preserve the riblets 16 of the element 10 during the demolding of the element 10, the film 28 remains secured to the element 10, that is to say that the element 10 and the film 28 are simultaneously demolded out of the mold 22, as shown in Figure 4A.
    The wall 26 of the mold 22 is smooth, like the face 30 of the film which is intended to come into contact with this wall 26. Thus, during the separation of the element 10 from the mold 22, there is no friction effort at the outer face 12 with the riblets 16, there is little risk of damaging the riblets 16 during this operation.
    Then, the film 28 is separated from the element 10, as shown in FIGS. 4B, 5 and 6.
    To allow its separation from the element 10, the film 28 is made of a flexible material such as for example from polyurethane, thermoplastic (PEEK, PEKK, PET or polyamide), silicone or epoxy.
    According to an alternative embodiment, the film 28 is a thin metal film. For example, the thickness of the film 28 is 50 μm, it will be understood that this value of the thickness of the film 28 does not take into account the height of the riblets 16.
    According to another variant, the film is a mixed element composed of several materials comprising metal tips and a polymer heel. An exemplary embodiment of such a film 28 can be deduced, for example, from document US Pat. No. 8,678,316, which describes a film made of composite material comprising riblets.
    The constituent material of the film 28 is chosen to be able to withstand the temperature and pressure conditions produced during the molding, but also so that it is easily detachable from the element 10. Moreover, for this separation to take place without damaging the riblets, in particular the points of the ribs 18, the uncoupling is carried out by peeling the film 28, that is to say that it is gradually detached from the outer face 12.
    According to the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the peeling is performed in a direction perpendicular to the main direction of the ribs 18 and grooves 20 forming the riblets 16, that is to say in a generally transverse direction.
    According to another embodiment shown in Figure 6, the peeling is performed in the main direction of the ribs 18 and grooves 20 forming the riblets 16, that is to say in a generally longitudinal direction.
    By peeling the film 28 to separate it from the element 10, there is no displacement of the entire film 28 parallel to the upper face 12 of the element 10. Thus, no transverse or longitudinal action is exerted on the ribs 18 of the riblets 16, the risk of breakage thereof is reduced.
    The method for producing the element 10, with the riblets 16 directly integrated therewith, that is to say for which the riblets 16 are made simultaneously with the element 10 comprises the successive steps consisting in: - providing the mold 22 whose inner volume 24 is intended to form the element 10; - Provide a film 28, one face 32 has ribs 36 and / or grooves 38 complementary ribs 18 and / or grooves 20 of the riblets 16 to obtain; - Lay the film 28 on a wall of the mold 22 partially defining the inner volume 24 of the mold. The remaining volume is then complementary to the element 10 to obtain, with the riblets 16; - Perform the molding operation of the element 10, for example by injection and baking of a resin; - Release the element 10 and the film 28 simultaneously, that is to say that the element 10 and the film 28 remain integrally bonded to each other, as shown in Figure 4A; - Separate the film 28 from the element 10 to reveal the riblets 16.
    The film 28 is made by any known method for forming the grooves 38 and ribs 36 complementary riblets 16 to obtain. For example, by molding from a master model or by etching the film.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    A method for producing an aerodynamic element (10), in particular for an aircraft, comprising an outer face (12) and a plurality of parallel ribs (18) and / or grooves (20) formed on said outer face ( 12), the method of simultaneously producing said element (10) and its ribs (18) and / or its grooves (20) by the use of a mold (22), characterized in that the method comprises - a step for providing a film (28) of a deformable material, which has ribs (36) and / or grooves (38) complementary to the ribs (18) and / or the grooves (20) of said element (10), a step of positioning the film (28) on a wall (26) of the mold (22), a step of molding the element (10), a step of separating the element (10) from the mold (22) simultaneously with said film (28), and a step of separating the film (28) from the element (10).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the step of separating the film (28) from the element (10) comprises removing the film (28) of the element (10) by peeling.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the peeling is carried out parallel to the main orientation of the ribs (18) / grooves (20).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the peeling is carried out perpendicularly to the main orientation of the ribs (18) / grooves (20).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    A mold (22) for carrying out a method according to any one of the preceding claims to provide an element (10) having an outer face (12) and a plurality of ribs (18) and / or parallel grooves (20) formed on said outer face (12), characterized in that one (26) of the walls of the mold (22) (10) is covered by a film (28) (28) having a series of grooves (38) and ribs (36) complementary ribs (18) / grooves (20) of the element (10).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Mold (22) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the mold (22) comprises means for connecting the film (28) with said wall (26) of the mold (22) which allow the position of the film in position ( 28) during a molding step of the element (10) and which allow separation of the film (28) from the mold (22) during removal of the element (10) from the mold ( 22).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Mold (22) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the film (28) extends beyond the edges of said wall (26) of the mold.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Mold (22) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that peripheral portions of the film (28) are clamped between at least two elements (34) constituting the mold (22) for holding in position the film (28) on the wall (26) of the mold (22).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Mold (22) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the film (28) is made from polyurethane, thermoplastic (PEEK, PEKK, PET or polyamide), silicone, epoxy , a metal sheet or paint.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Mold (22) according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the film (28) has a face (30) which is in contact with said wall (26) of the mold and whose said face (30). ) and said wall (26) are both smooth.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN108349121A|2018-07-31|
    BR112018008892A8|2019-02-26|
    RU2018120495A|2019-12-05|
    RU2731219C2|2020-08-31|
    EP3370936A1|2018-09-12|
    FR3043353B1|2017-12-22|
    US11135747B2|2021-10-05|
    WO2017077239A1|2017-05-11|
    RU2018120495A3|2020-03-25|
    BR112018008892A2|2018-11-06|
    US20180319044A1|2018-11-08|
    EP3370936B1|2020-12-30|
    CN108349121B|2020-12-04|
    CA3003818A1|2017-05-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20130062004A1|2007-12-12|2013-03-14|The Boeing Company|Aerodynamic surfaces having drag-reducing riblets and method of fabricating the same|
    EP2818292A1|2013-06-25|2014-12-31|Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH|Method for forming a trim element having a layer of ligneous material and an engraved pattern|
    GB9201880D0|1992-01-29|1992-03-18|Rasmussen O B|Laminated films|
    US6090336A|1994-07-21|2000-07-18|Decoma International Inc.|Method for manufacturing an injection-molded article with outer film secured thereto|
    JP4305755B2|2003-12-11|2009-07-29|ビューテック株式会社|Method for manufacturing mold and method for manufacturing resin molded product|
    US8678316B2|2009-01-29|2014-03-25|The Boeing Company|Amorphous metal riblets|
    JP5546049B2|2012-03-16|2014-07-09|株式会社日本製鋼所|Peeling jig and peeling method|FR3065182B1|2017-04-13|2019-06-21|Safran|METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PIECE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPRISING A BODY EXTENDED BY A REINFORCED FASTENING END|
    WO2019002705A1|2017-06-29|2019-01-03|Elkem Silicones France Sas|Method for producing silicone elastomer moulds|
    GB2583204A|2017-10-25|2020-10-21|10X Tech Llc|Rigid polymeric blade for a wind turbine and method and apparatus to manufacture same|
    法律状态:
    2016-08-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-05-12| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170512 |
    2017-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-10-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-10-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1560621A|FR3043353B1|2015-11-05|2015-11-05|METHOD AND MOLD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AERODYNAMIC ELEMENT COMPRISING RIBLETS|FR1560621A| FR3043353B1|2015-11-05|2015-11-05|METHOD AND MOLD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AERODYNAMIC ELEMENT COMPRISING RIBLETS|
    CA3003818A| CA3003818A1|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and mould for creating an aerodynamic element comprising riblets|
    RU2018120495A| RU2731219C2|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and form for creation of aerodynamic element containing grooves|
    CN201680064466.5A| CN108349121B|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and mould for producing an aerodynamic element comprising rib and groove|
    PCT/FR2016/052847| WO2017077239A1|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and mould for creating an aerodynamic element comprising riblets|
    US15/773,366| US11135747B2|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and mould for creating an aerodynamic element comprising riblets|
    BR112018008892A| BR112018008892A8|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|method and mold for creating an aerodynamic element comprising ribs|
    EP16809127.0A| EP3370936B1|2015-11-05|2016-11-03|Method and mould for creating an aerodynamic element comprising riblets|
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